Feem ntauC276 sivcov ntaub ntawv muab rau koj ib yam li yim yam: npib tsib xee tshuav, 15–17% Mo, 14.5–16.5% Cr, 3–4.5% W, tensile 690 MPa min, ASTM B575, kua annealed, ntom 8.89 g / cm³. Ntawd yog daim ntawv spec. Dab tsi nws tsis qhia rau koj yog vim li cas 12 hli C276 phaj nqi tsawg dua 16 hli C22 phaj rau tib lub plhaub reactor, vim li cas koj tus fabricator tsis tuaj yeem vuam C276 phaj nrog cov txheej txheem tib yam li 316L phaj, thiab yog vim li cas "FGD absorber inlet zone" hu rau C276 thaum "FGD absorber qhov hluav taws xob cheeb tsam 5}2}2 los yog tib tsev neeg, feem ntau hu rau "FGD absorber qhov hluav taws xob cheeb tsam C2}2" feem ntau hu ua txawv seem ntawm tib lub nkoj.
Daim ntawv Spec hais tias vs Nws txhais li cas
ASTM B575 / ASME SB-575 npog npib tsib xee thiab npib tsib xee- puag alloy phaj, ntawv, thiab sawb rau kev pabcuam corrosion-resistant. Rau UNS N10276 (C276), cov ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb yog:
| Khoom / Khoom | ASTM B575 Txwv (UNS N10276) | Hom Mill Kub | Qhov txawv txhais li cas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nickel | Sib npaug (~57) | 57 | Lub hauv paus; txaus los suppress chloride SCC |
| Chromium | 14.5 – 16.5% | 15.5 | Tsis kam rau oxidizing media (HNO3, ferric chloride) |
| Molybdenum | 15.0 – 17.0% | 16.0 | Ua kom txo qis acids (HCl, H2SO4) thiab pitting |
| Tungsten | 3.0 – 4.5% | 3.8 | Ntxiv pitting kuj; ib nrab hloov rau Mo |
| Hlau | 4.0 – 7.0% | 5.5 | Qhov nyiaj tshuav; khaws cov nqi qis dua -Ni alloys |
| Cobalt | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2.5% | 1.0 | Cov seem; tsis ua haujlwm |
| Manganese | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1.0% | 0.5 | Deoxidation |
| Cov pa roj carbon | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.010% | 0.005 | Tsawg heev los tiv thaiv HAZ rhiab heev |
| PREN (xws li) | ~ 68 | ~ 68 | Qhov pib rau "nickel alloy" kev ua tau zoo |
| Tensile zog, min | 690 MPa (100 ksi) | 720-790 MPa | ~ 2.2 × tensile ntawm 316L |
| Yield zog (0.2%), min | 283 MPa (41 ksi) | 310-355 MPa | ~ 1.7 × tawm los ntawm 316L |
| Elongation, min | 40% | 45–50% | High ductility rau kev sib sau thiab dov |
| Qhov ntom | 8.89 g / cm³ (0.321 lb / hauv³) | - | hnyav dua li carbon steel los ntawm ~ 10%; cuam tshuam txog hlab ntsha hnyav calc |
| Melting ntau | 1325 - 1370 degree | - | Vuam qhov rais saum 1050 degree |
Peb tus lej txiav txim siab seb C276 puas yog rau koj qhov kev pabcuam yog chromium (oxidizing resistance), molybdenum (txo acid + pitting resistance), thiab PREN (chloride pitting sib npaug). Ua ke, cov peb muab C276 nyob rau hauv "yuav luag txhua yam tshwj tsis yog kub concentrated HNO3 thiab HF" thoob. Yog tias koj qhov kev pabcuam txo cov kua qaub (HCl, dilute H2SO4), cov tshuaj chlorine ntub dej, lossis cov kua qaub sib xyaw nrog chlorides, C276 yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.
Vim Li Cas Yuav C276 Phaj Hloov C22 lossis 625 Phaj
Rau feem ntau cov neeg yuav khoom, qhov sib piv tsis yog C276 vs C22. Nws yog C276 vs 316L, los yog C276 vs C22, los yog C276 vs 625. Cov lus teb los ntawm chemistry ntawm kev pabcuam.
| Kev Pabcuam Scenario | Phaj zoo tshaj plaws | Vim Li Cas C276 Yog (lossis Tsis Yog) Txoj Cai Hu |
|---|---|---|
| FGD absorber inlet (Cl⁻ 30,000 - 50,000 ppm, 60 - 80 degree, pH 2 - 4, ya tshauv slurry) | C276(los yog C22) | High Mo + W tuav cov chloride slurry txo -acidity; C22 yog kev sib tw ntawm thaj chaw oxidizing |
| FGD absorber qhov hluav taws xob (Cl⁻ 5,000 ppm, 50 degree, pH 4 - 6, tsis muaj slurry) | C22los yog625 | Tsawg chloride, oxidizing tej yam kev mob nyiam siab dua -Cr alloys |
| Phosphoric acid evaporator (H3PO4 30 - 50% nrog HF/SiF6 impurities, 100 - 150 degree) | C276 | Mo + W tuav cov tshuaj fluoride-cov kabmob acid; tsuas yog C276 thiab C2000 tsim nyog rau qhov no |
| Sulfuric acid txias (H2SO4 50 - 98%, 60 - 120 degree) | C276 | Mo + W dominate txo sulfuric; C22 poob siab tshaj 60% concentration |
| Cov khoom siv chlorine ntub dej (Cl{0}} dej, ambient - 60 degree) | C276 | Kev lag luam tus qauv rau ntub Cl2; tsuas yog C22 yog kev sib tw |
| Pharmaceutical reactor (organic acids + chloride catalysts, 50 - 150 degree) | C276 | Mixed organic + chloride + acid; C276 yog qhov kev xaiv zoo |
| Kub concentrated nitric acid (HNO3> 70%,> 80 degree) | Tsis yog C276(siv 304L lossis siab dua -Cr alloy) | C276 Cr tsawg dhau; oxidizing HNO3 tawm tsam |
| Hydrofluoric acid (HF> 10%) | Tsis yog C276(siv Monel 400) | HF tawm tsam Ni-Mo alloys |
| Seawater phaj kub exchanger (ambient - 40 degree) | Tsis yog C276(siv 625 lossis titanium) | C276 yog overkill; 625 yog pheej yig dua thiab sib npaug sib npaug |
Tus qauv yog qhov tseeb: C276 yog lub phaj zoo thaum qhov kev pabcuamtxo + chloride + acid- chlorine ntub dej, FGD txo thaj tsam, phosphoric acid, tov kua qaub nrog chlorides. C22 yeej ntawmoxidizing + sib tov-acidcov kev pabcuam (ntse HNO3, FGD oxidizing cheeb tsam). 625 yeej raudej hiav txwv + siab -lub zogcov kev pab cuam qhov twg pitting kuj thiab lub zog muaj teeb meem ntau dua acid kuj.
Thickness, qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab cov ntawv muaj
Peb muab C276 phaj rau ASTM B575 / ASME SB-575 nyob rau hauv ntau yam nram qab no. Lwm cov thicknesses thiab txiav -rau-loj muaj nyob ntawm kev thov.
| Daim ntawv | Thickness Ntau | Dav Ntau | Ntev Ntau | Ua kom tiav |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kub dov phaj (HRAP) | 3.0-100mm (4.8-76.2 hli feem ntau stocked) | 1000-2500mm (txog 3000mm) | 2000-12000 hli | No.1 (HR, annealed, pickled) |
| Cov ntawv txias txias | 0.3-6.0 hli | 1000-1500 hli | 2000-6000 hli | 2B, BA, No.4, iav |
| Phaj rau chemical reactor plhaub (hnyav) | 6-50 hli | mus txog 2500 mm | mus txog 8000 mm | No.1, machined ntsej muag |
| Clad phaj (C276 ntawm carbon steel puag) | 6-50mm tag nrho | mus txog 2500 mm | mus txog 8000 mm | No.1 / 2B ntawm C276 ntsej muag |
| Plasma / laser txiav phaj | Raws li saum toj no | Kev cai | Kev cai | Raws li - dov los yog pickled |
Tus qauv phaj thickness ntau peb khaws cia hauv Tshuag yog6mm mus rau 50mm, which covers most chemical reactor and FGD absorber shell applications. Below 6 mm becomes "sheet" territory (cold rolled, 2B finish). Above 50 mm we order to size for the specific project; heavy plate (>50 mm) yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb rolling thiab tov annealing, nrog rau lub sij hawm txhuas 8-14 lub lis piam.
Daim ntawv ceeb toom ntawm clad phaj:Rau qhov loj -kab reactor plhaub qhov twg cov khoom C276 phaj yuav raug nqi- txwv tsis pub, C276/carbon- steel clad phaj siv 3-6 mm C276 cladding txheej metallurgically bonded rau carbon steel puag. Tag nrho cov phaj yog 6-50 hli nrog C276 ntawm cov txheej txheem sab. Lub clad phaj tsim nyog ua raws ASME Tshooj IX nrog WPS cais rau C276 cladding thiab C- steel puag. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv raug rau FGD absorber plhaub saum 4 m txoj kab uas hla.
Standards, Certification thiab Documentation
Rau cov tshuaj reactor, FGD, thiab kev siv tshuaj, C276 phaj tau muab rau cov qauv hauv qab no:
| Txuj | Scope | Hom kev siv |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM B575 / ASME SB-575 Cov Lus Qhia | Nickel-puag alloy phaj, ntawv, sawb rau dav dav corrosion-cov kev pabcuam tiv taus | Feem ntau; ua ntej |
| ASTM B574 | Nickel{0}}puag alloy pas nrig thiab bar (tus khub rau B575 rau fittings) | Tus khub tus qauv |
| TS EN 10028-7 | Cov khoom tiaj tus rau lub hom phiaj siab | European siab nkoj |
| TS EN 10095 | Thaum tshav kub kub-cov hlau tsis muaj zog thiab npib tsib xee alloys | European siab -kub |
| Kev Ua Haujlwm 2.4819 | German khoom naj npawb | European lub npe |
| NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156-3 | Sour service (H2S) ua raws | Roj & roj, nyuaj Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 35 HRC raug |
| ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A | Intergranular corrosion kuj (oxidizing nruab nrab) | Rau oxidizing kev pabcuam pov thawj |
| ASTM A262 Xyaum E | Intergranular corrosion rau nickel alloys | Rau welded fabrication |
Cov ntaub ntawv xa nrog txhua C276 daim ntawv xaj:
| Cov ntaub ntawv | Txuj | Hom Rau |
|---|---|---|
| Mill Test Certificate (MTC) | EN 10204 3.1 lossis 3.2 | Tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj |
| Chemistry check (Ni tshuav nyiaj li cas, Cr 14.5-16.5%, Mo 15-17%, W 3-4.5%, Fe 4-7%, C Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.010%) | ASTM B 575 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj |
| Mechanical test report (tensile, yield, elongation, hardness) | ASTM A 370 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | Tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj |
| Kev daws cov ntaub ntawv annealing (1121-1177℃+ ceev dej quench) | Mill txheej txheem cov ntaub ntawv | Tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj |
| Intergranular corrosion test | ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A | Oxidizing kev pabcuam pov thawj |
| Lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm / zeb qhov chaw | Kev lis kev cai | EU thiab GCC imports |
| PED conformity (rau EU cov khoom siv siab) | PEB 2014/68/EU | European shipping |
Rau European xa mus rau Ltalis / Porto Marghera / Milan tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, PED ua raws rau siab-cov kabmob phaj yog xav tau. Rau Italian FGD kev teeb tsa, EN 10028-7 siv yog feem ntau tus qauv. Rau kev siv tshuaj reactor, traceability ib EU GMP Annex 11 tau thov nce ntxiv.
Vuam Notes (Plate vs Pipe)
Phaj welds coj txawv ntawm cov yeeb nkab welds, thiab tus fabricator's WPS yuav tsum xav txog qhov no.
| Qhov txawv | Yeeb Nkab Vuam | Phaj Vuam |
|---|---|---|
| Txoj hauj lwm | Txhua txoj haujlwm (6G tsim nyog) | Feem ntau tiaj tus (1G) thiab kab rov tav (2G) |
| Hom sib koom | Butt weld, ceg txuas | Butt weld, fillet weld, lap joint, tubesheet-rau-plhaub |
| Filler | ERNiCrMo-4 (C276 muab tub lim) | ERNiCrMo-4 (ib yam) |
| Kub input | 0.5-1.5 kJ / hli | 0.5-1.5 kJ / hli |
| Interpass kub | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 150 degree | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 150 degree |
| PWHT | Tsis txhob(Cov ntsiab lus C tsawg, C276 resists HAZ rhiab heev) | Tsis txhob |
| Intergranular corrosion test | ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A ntawm weld daim coupon | ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A ntawm weld daim coupon |
Daim phiaj - tshwj xeeb txaus ntshai los saib rau:tuab - phaj welds(siab dua ~ 25 mm) yuav xav tauntau dhau nrog kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 150 degree); clad phaj weldsyuav tsum tau cais WPS rau C276 cladding (ERNiCrMo-4 muab tub lim, 0.5–1.5 kJ/mm) thiab C- steel puag (E7018 lossis E8018-C3 muab tub lim, cov txheej txheem CS cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke) - thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov sib txuas;tubesheet-rau- plhaub weldsyog qhov sib sib zog nqus grooves nrog kev ceev ceev thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hauv paus tawg yog tias WPS tsis tsim nyog rau qhov sib koom ua ke geometry.
Yuav ua li cas muab tso rau hauv koj lub RFQ: "phaj yuav tsum tau welded ib ASME Tshooj IX tsim nyog WPS siv ERNiCrMo-4 muab tub lim, cua sov input 0.5-1.5 kJ / mm, interpass kub tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug rau 150 degree, ASTM G28 Txoj kev Ib tug intergranular corrosion test ntawm PQR daim coupon,no PWHT."
Qhov twg C276 Phaj siv
- Kev kho cua sov kev lag luam:Rauv rollers, muffles, radiation tubes, baskets, kiv cua, cua qhia daim hlau, quenching fixtures.
- Tshuaj thiab petrochemical:high-kub tawg rauv tubes (ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb), cov khoom siv hloov pauv, catalyst txhawb cov phiaj xwm, siab -kub valve flange gaskets, kub exchangers (siab-kub seem).
- Aerospace:combustion chamber Cheebtsam (cov nplaim taws, qhov hloov pauv), thrust reverser rwb thaiv tsev cov qauv, siab - kub fasteners.
- Lub zog thiab lub zog:gas turbine combustion chamber liners, thermal barrier coating substrates, boiler key high -temperature temperature, and some auxiliary systems for nuclear power.
- Glass thiab ceramic manufacturing:rauv rollers, lub qhov rooj rauv, burners, thiab kub kawg conveying Cheebtsam.
- Environmental Engineering:siab -qhov kub thiab txias ntawm flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems, thiab khib nyiab incinerator Cheebtsam.
- Industrial furnace manufacturing:raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm siab -kev ua tau zoo rauv cua sov-cov hlau resistant.
Txoj cai txiav txim rau kev kho dua tshiab ntawm C276 phaj rauC22 tab: thaum qhov kev pab cuam hloov los ntawm kev txo -acid + chloride rau oxidizing-acid + chloride, los yog thaum ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A ntawm C276 weld qhia borderline intergranular nres. C22 muaj Cr ntau dua (20–22.5% vs 14.5–16.5%) thiab metallurgy-engineered HAZ uas ua haujlwm oxidizing sib xyaw acids zoo dua.
Txoj cai txiav txim rau downgrading ntawm C276 phaj rau625 qab: thaum qhov kev pabcuam yog dej hiav txwv (ambient–40 degree) tsis muaj zog txo cov kua qaub. 625 yog pheej yig dua thiab muaj zog dua, thiab C276 dhau lawm -spec rau cov dej hiav txwv dawb.
FAQ
C276 phaj siv rau dab tsi?
C276 phaj (ASTM B575, UNS N10276) yog siv rau cov tshuaj reactor hlab ntsha, FGD absorber plhaub, phosphoric acid evaporators, ntub chlorine tuav cov khoom, tshuaj API reactors, thiab lwm yam aggressive acid / chloride kev pab cuam. 15-17% molybdenum thiab 3-4.5% tungsten muab nws tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj acids (HCl, dilute H2SO4), chlorine ntub dej, thiab chloride -cov kabmob sib xyaw acids. Nws yog tus qauv kev lag luam rau cov kev pabcuam nruj tshaj plaws hauv tshuaj, FGD, thiab kev lag luam tshuaj.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm C276 phaj thiab C276 yeeb nkab?
C276 phaj thiab C276 yeeb nkab muaj tib yam ASTM chemistry yuav tsum (UNS N10276, ASTM B575 rau phaj / B622 rau yeeb nkab, ASME sib npaug). Qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv: phaj yog tiaj- dov nrog wrought banded microstructure, yeeb nkab yog seamless (extruded + kos) los yog welded (dov + tsim + welded). Rau lub plhaub chemical reactor, phaj yog qhov kev xaiv ntuj. Rau kev sib txuas cov kav dej, cov yeeb nkab yog qhov kev xaiv ntuj. Chemistry yog tib yam; daim ntawv dictates daim ntawv thov.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm C276 phaj thiab C22 phaj?
C276 muaj 15–17% Mo thiab 14.5–16.5% Cr - zoo dua hauv kev txo cov kua qaub (HCl, H2SO4) thiab chloride pitting. C22 muaj 12.5–14.5% Mo thiab 20–22.5% Cr - zoo dua hauv oxidizing acids (HNO3, mixed acid) thiab weld HAZ corrosion kuj. Rau FGD absorber txo cov cheeb tsam thiab cov chlorine ntub dej, xaiv C276. Rau FGD oxidizing aav thiab cov kua qaub sib xyaw, xaiv C22. Lawv tsis yog interchangeable.
C276 puas tuaj yeem welded?
Yog lawm. C276 yog welded siv ERNiCrMo-4 filler (AWS A5.14) per ASME Section IX qualified WPS, with heat input 0.5–1.5 kJ/mm, interpass temperature<=150℃, and no PWHT (post-weld heat treatment will sensit to HAZ). Cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.010%) tiv thaiv HAZ rhiab heev hauv qhov zoo li -welded mob - tsis xav tau kev daws annealing tom qab vuam.
Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi kuv yuav tsum xav tau nrog C276 phaj?
Rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg / FGD / kws tshuaj, thov EN 10204 3.1 daim ntawv pov thawj zeb (chemistry + mechanical zog), cov ntaub ntawv kho cov ntaub ntawv daws teeb meem (1121-}1177℃+ ceev dej quench), ASTM G28 Method Ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam (rau oxidizing kev pabcuam pov thawj), lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm, thiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshuaj xyuas. Rau European xa mus rau ltalis / Lub teb chaws Yelemees / Netherlands, PED 2014/68 / EU conformity ntsuam xyuas yog yuav tsum tau rau siab-bearing phaj. Rau kev siv tshuaj, EU GMP Annex 11 cov ntaub ntawv taug qab tau thov nce ntxiv.
Puas yog C276 phaj muaj qhov ntsuas kub siab tshaj plaws?
Rau kev pab cuam corrosion, kwv yees li 675℃hauv oxidizing cua thiab mus txog 1093℃hauv luv luv - lub sij hawm raug. Tshaj 400℃hauv kev txo cov huab cua, C276 tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm sigma-theem nag lossis daus dhau qhov kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv. Rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntxiv - kub siab tshaj 600 degree, xav txog Inconel 625 phaj (nruam mus txog 980 degree) lossis Hastelloy X phaj.
C276 phaj piv rau titanium li cas rau FGD absorber plhaub?
Titanium (Qib 2 lossis Qib 7) tau siv keeb kwm rau FGD absorber plhaub thiab tiv taus ntau dua rau chloride pitting ntawm tus nqi qis. Txawm li cas los xij, titanium muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev xeb ntawm FGD ya tshauv deposits, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem txo cov kua qaub excursions. C276 tuav txo + chloride + kua qaub ua ke uas tawm tsam titanium. Rau FGD txo cov cheeb tsam nrog cov hmoov tshauv ya siab, C276 yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.
Xav tau Hastelloy C276 phaj (UNS N10276) rau ASTM B575 nrog txoj cai tuab ntau, tiav, ntawv pov thawj, thiab zeb keeb kwm rau koj cov tshuaj reactor, FGD absorber, lossis cov hlab ntsha?
HUITONG khoom siv C276 kub dov phaj (3-100 mm) thiab txias dov ntawv (0.3–6.0 mm) rau ASTM B575 / ASME SB-575, nrog EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 daim ntawv pov thawj, ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A xeem daim ntawv qhia, PED carbon conformity thiab European steel6 loj-inch reactor plhaub. Xa koj cov thickness, dav, ntev, tiav, kom muaj nuj nqis, thiab phiaj ntawv pov thawj qib raumarket@htpipe.comlos yog WhatsApp+86-19339900201- thiab yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias C276 phaj yog qib zoo (lossis seb koj puas xav tau C22, 625, lossis 316L), qhia peb cov kev pabcuam (chloride, acid hom, kub, siab hlab ntsha code, kev lag luam) thiab peb yuav qhia koj yam tsawg kawg nkaus - tus nqi qib uas tsim nyog.
